Four separate histological studies were performed to assess the efficacy of laser in the emulsification (liquefaction) of fat. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to analyze adipose tissue. SEM and TEM images revealed the collapse of adipose arrangements subsequent to laser therapy. The voluminous state of an adipocyte cell is reduced due to the emulsification process. The fatty material is evacuated from the cell and moves into extracellular space. The voluminous nature of adipocytes due to the accumulation of fatty material is what gives rise to an enlarged subcutaneous fat region. ZERONA ® induces the formation of a transitory pore in the membrane of the fat cell. The pore enables the fatty material to seep out across the aperture and into extracellular space. The following images show the result of laser energy on a single fat cell and a group of fat cells.
As you can see the Zerona® treatment liquifies the fat and the cell dumps it into the intercellular space. There are two types of fat cells - Subcutaneous and Visceral. 
Subcutaneous fat is located directly above the skeletal muscle and below the skin. Its superficial placement is what ensures proper depth penetration of the laser energy. Patients containing a high volume of visceral fat (fat below the skeletal muscle) are not ideal candidates for this procedure. However, they may still contain subcutaneous fat; therefore, you can treat the individual by just ensuring they adopt a healthy diet to address the visceral fat.
